How to Identify a Safe URL – Internet Security

“Click here for the fastest diet!”, “Just one click to quick money!”, or even “You’ve inherited a huge sum!” – sounds familiar, right? It seems like almost every day we receive similar emails urging us to click on a link that supposedly gives access to exclusive and valuable content.

If you receive an unexpected link — one you didn’t ask for — it’s safest to assume the worst, even if you know or think you know the sender. So, if you’re not completely sure that a link is safe, don’t click on it!

Hackers often use links to trick you, steal your data, or install malware. However, with a few simple checks, you can tell a safe URL from a potentially dangerous one. Here’s how you can do it.

Check the Protocol: Does the URL Start with “https”?

The “https” protocol indicates that the connection between your device and the website is encrypted, making it harder for hackers to intercept the data you enter. In contrast, URLs starting with “http” are not encrypted and can be unsafe, especially when entering sensitive information like passwords or credit card numbers.

How to Identify a Secure Protocol?

• Check if the URL begins with “https://”.
• Look for the padlock icon next to the URL in your browser. If it’s missing, be cautious—even if the website looks familiar.

Check the SSL Certificate

If a website uses HTTPS, verify that its SSL certificate is valid. You can do this by clicking on the padlock icon in the address bar and reviewing the available certificate details. Make sure the SSL certificate matches the website you’re visiting and that it has been issued by a trusted Certificate Authority (CA).

Pay Attention to the Domain Name

Hackers often create fake websites that look legitimate by using similar domain names, such as “paypa1.com” instead of “paypal.com” or “amaz0n.net” instead of “amazon.com.” Their goal is to trick you into believing you’re on the real site.

How to Spot a Fake Domain?

• Read the URL carefully and watch out for unusual variations, such as extra numbers, letters, or symbols.
• Check the domain extension (.com, .net, .org) — fake sites often use uncommon extensions like “.xyz” or “.info.”

Avoid Clicking Shortened Links Without Checking

Shortened links (like bit.ly or tinyurl) often hide the original URL, making them useful for scams. Clicking such a link can redirect you to a malicious website without warning.

• If you receive a shortened link, use online tools to “expand” the URL (such as CheckShortURL) to see where it leads.
• Avoid clicking on shortened links in emails or messages from unknown senders.

Watch Out for Overly Complex URLs

Malicious URLs often contain long, confusing strings of characters that look like code. Their goal is to mislead you and make it difficult to identify the real domain.

• A legitimate URL is usually simple and clearly displays the brand or service name.
• If a URL contains too many numbers, symbols, or nonsensical words, proceed with caution.

Install Reliable Antivirus Software

If you frequently receive suspicious URL links, invest in trusted antivirus and anti-malware tools that you update regularly. These programs scan websites and alert you to potential threats. Additionally, there are browser extensions that not only warn you but can also block suspicious content — including not just malicious websites but also pop-up windows that often mimic ads.

Verify the Source Before Clicking

If you receive a URL via email or social media, make sure it comes from a trusted source before opening it. Be especially cautious with giveaways, promotions, discounts, or ads that seem too good to be true—or at least too good to be free.

Pay extra attention to websites that ask for sensitive personal information or display numerous pop-up ads that you might accidentally click. Remember, even familiar people like family, friends, or colleagues can unknowingly share dangerous links when forwarding emails.

It’s important to remember that while these steps can help you better assess URL safety, none of these methods are completely foolproof. New types of scams constantly emerge, making it essential to stay informed about the latest online security practices. Keep in mind that even legitimate websites can be compromised!